Hazenberg WD — Educational And Research Activities Of The Hydrogen In Industry Practoraat

Film Hydrogen Practoraat in the Industry
•
•

Film Hydrogen Practoraat in the Industry
(894) Video Practoraat Waterstof Industrie – YouTube

•
•

Practoraten.NL Research Focus and Publication
Waterstof in de Industrie en Netwerken - Practoraten

•
•

Green Hydrogen: what can Israel and the Netherlands achieve together?
Green Hydrogen: what can Israel and the Netherlands achieve together?

Hydrogen safety is an extremely broad topic

10-12-2024

Don't compete on safety. Collaborate and share!
10

The research areas within the Practorate Hydrogen in Industry and Networks • The practoraat will investigate the function and applicability of hydrogen (H2) in the industry. The focus will be on the production, transport, storage, applications, and maintenance of H2 as an energy carrier and raw material.
• Developing the elective course Hydrogen and Industry for teachers and students.
• Hydrogen safety.
• Designing a hydrogen asset breakdown to establish failure behavior, inspection, and

maintenance structures.

Regional hydrogen plans in the Netherlands
50 MW start Scaling up to 600 MW by 2027 (RWE) Persbericht RWE 10-11-22

EU HEAVENN project
Hydrogen Energy
Applications for Valley Environments in Northern Netherlands The Movie:
https://vimeo.com/368013901 Noord-NL as the premier hydrogen region of the Netherlands and Europe • Greening the existing gas-based economy • NAM sites & pipelines available in the near term • Significant sustainable energy developments (both on land & at sea)

Employment through hydrogen
• "(The switch to hydrogen as an energy source could create up to 41,000 new jobs in the Netherlands)" (Van de Sander 2021) • (European commission JRC technical report, Spisto, et al. 2020, 13) • States that the planned 100 MW hydrogen projects through 2030 in Groningen and Drenthe will create 6,000 FTEs of employment during the construction phase and 500 FTEs during operation.
year Demand for green hydrogen PJ CE Delft study 2021 2030 10 – 40 2040 2050

132 – 317
254 - 593

Total one-time employment Recurring employment (average (average FTE/year) FTE/year) 1.800 - 4.700

4.200 - 12.500

2.000 - 13.000
2.200 - 20.000

9.200 - 43.000
14.200 - 72.600

Source of the table and chart: CE Delft, April 2021: Overview of labor demand (rounded to the nearest hundred) • Hydrogen is one of the few areas where employment opportunities exist throughout all parts of the value chain.
• Therefore, it is especially important to preserve jobs that may be lost and to reuse that expertise, potentially with additional training.

https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC120521/socio-economic_impacts_closure_groningen_gas_field.pd CE_Delft_200427_Werk_door_groene_waterstof_investeringen_DEF.pdf

Hydrogen transition labor market
Bron Groenvermogen/CE Delft 230143 - Arbeidsmarktonderzoek waterstoftransitie – September 2023 Infographic WO/HBO = 44% HAVO/VWO/MBO-3/4 = 42% MBO 2 en lager = 15%

CE_Delft_230143_Arbeidsm
arktonderzoek_waterstoftra nsitie_Def.pdf

Challenges in Filling Crucial Roles for the Energy Transition Challenges in Filling Crucial Roles for the Energy Transition:
High International Demand for Technical Personnel Professionals with a technical background are particularly sought after.
Low Enrollment in Education Due to Demographic Effects This is especially a problem in the Netherlands.
Budget Cuts in Education Cause Additional Financial Pressure Technical programs are more expensive and more likely to be discontinued.
Limited Mobility of Vocational (MBO) Students Students are unwilling to travel far for technical education, leading to decreased enrollment when training locations change.
Demand for Broader Technical Skills Beyond mechanical engineering, knowledge in process engineering, electrical engineering, instrumentation, and basic automation is now required.

Basic model for hydrogen education

Education

Refresher and
advanced training
(standard or
customer-specific

Base
Application
Mobility,
built environment,
industry, and networks

Energy
chains

Certification

Basic certification in design, installation,
monitoring, diagnosis, and maintenance

Knowledge
institutions

Afbeelding Roeland Hogt Noorderpoort

Research and Development

companies

Hydrogen training options in both public and private education, as well as from commercial providers New Energy Business school Post HBO waterstof specialist Waterstof KC1049 energy Collage 10 dagen 29 dagen – Technologie 8 maanden programma

Post HBO

oriëntatie cursus waterstof Technologie KC1049 7 weken (SBU 240) TU Delft MOOC Sustainable Hydrogen and Electrical Energy Storage SBU 112

MBO 3/4
HBO/WO

Video
Link

12.500 euro

Link

1.395 euro

Link
Gratis

E-Learning OZONE.NL – (10 les modules energy College 7 gereed) Inleiding in het analyseren en reduceren van veiligheidsrisico’s bij het ontwerpen van waterstofinstallaties HANZEPRO

WATERSTOF
HAN

TVVL
Waterstof in de
gebouwde omgeving

MBO 3

MBO/ HBO

Circa 1.5002.500 euro

MBO/ HBO

Circa 400600 euro

3-5 daagse opleiding – verbreding en verdieping in een onderdeel 1 daagse opleiding – Basiscursus soms masterclass genoemd

E-Learning - Ozone.nl

Homepage - Ozone

Ozone - Dutch
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Hydrogen fundamentals
(32 min)
Hydrogen technology: safety (40 min) Hydrogen technology: production and chemistry (43 min) Hydrogen technology: storage and transport (28 min) Hydrogen technology automotive (31 min) Hydrogen technology fuel cells (42 min) Hydrogen technology maritime (28 min) Energy storage(incl. H2) (36 min)

Energy College
Energy College
Energy College
Energy College Energy College Energy College Energy College Project 0ne

Homepage - Ozone

MOOC Greentech
Europe trains technicians in renewable energies Teaser for the MOOC (youtube.com)

https://youtu.be/VnwJGPhwIKk

•

Renewable Energies Technician Program - GREENTECH Erasmus (greentech-erasmus.eu)

Training modules
Introduction
Training module 1: Solar energy Training module 2 : Wind energy Training module 3: Network management and storage Training module 4 : Green hydrogen production Training module 5: Usages

Hydrogen elective modules (240 study hours each)

Hydrogen elective modules (240 study hours each) SBB links SBB Waterstoftechnologie MijnSBB - Portal Kwalificatiestructuur SBB Industrie en netwerken MijnSBB - Portal Kwalificatiestructuur SBB bebouwde omgeving MijnSBB - Portal Kwalificatiestructuur SBB Waterstof mobiliteit MijnSBB - Portal Kwalificatiestructuur

Sectorkamer SBB

Future job roles of MBO (VET) students
1. Operating these installations.
2. Ensuring that others can work safely at a hydrogen installation.

3. Roles during the construction of these installations.
4. Carrying out inspection tasks.
5. Performing maintenance.
6. Broader knowledge required across multiple disciplines due to decentralized systems.

Required knowledge for future job roles of
MBO/VET students • What is a hydrogen installation, what components does it contain, and how does it operate?

• What maintenance is required, where, how, and how often?
• What needs to be inspected, where do the risks lie, and why?
• Which work procedures should be used when performing maintenance?
What safety measures must be taken into account?

Hydrogen in Industry Competencies

• Knowledge
K01: Application areas of hydrogen technology in industry K02: Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen technology for industry K03: Operation and characteristics of the relevant (sub)systems in industrial hydrogen technology K04: General safety aspects and regulations for liquid and gaseous hydrogen K05: Specific safety aspects for hydrogen in industry K06: Design requirements specific to the industrial sector K07: Materials and components used in hydrogen technology in an industrial environment • Skills V01: Implement necessary safety measures when working with hydrogen technology in an industrial environment V02: Collaborate and communicate with technicians from multiple disciplines V03: Install and operate technical (demonstration) systems involving hydrogen technology in an industrial setting V04: Interpret technical drawings in hydrogen technology and the associated process flows V05: Operate relevant modern technical equipment • Work Processes D1-K1-W1: Prepare installation activities D1-K1-W2: Place and assemble components and parts D1-K2-W1: Locate and analyze problems D1-K2-W2: Adjust and fine-tune equipment and installations, and resolve issues

MBO Hydrogen - Industry elective module time distribution (240 total) Hydrogen for Industry and networks

8 hours Final Test for Practice
4 hours Final Test for Theory incl. presentation case study 100 hours Final Assignment 8 hours Site Visit, for example, GETEC and Resato 8 hours EnTranCe Electrolysis 8 hours Virtual Reality Environment 10 hours Ozone Online / EHTA Modules 24 hours Practical Lab for DC and DC Fuel Cell 20 hours Answering Homework Questions 48 hours Theory Lessons in 24 Blocks of 2 Hours

• Program Hydrogen in in Industry and Network 1/2 Program 24 lessons of • introduction • Safety • Downstream • midstream • Upstream • Material - couplings • Business and case notes

2 hours
3 lessons
3 lessons
6 lessons
6 lessons 4 lessons 1 lesson 1 lesson

KD
class
(professiona week
l knowledge
and skills)

basic

1

lesson Main group
hour
Block
of 2
hours
1 introduction

basic/D1-K1- 2
2c

2 introduction

basic

3

3 introduction

D1-K1-1a

4

4 Safety

D1-K1-1b/c 5
/1e - D1-K15a/D1-K1-2c

5 Safety

D1-K11b/1C/1f

6 Safety

6

Description

Introduction to hydrogen technology
course

Background energy transition Climate
Agreement/EU Fit for 55, CES and Pros and Cons H2 , Resource use, rare earths, Water, space occupation, Hydrogen Basic concepts Physical & Chemical properties, Gas quality Conversion methods Permits and regulations environmental permit, QRA study, BZRO, Hydrogen calamity abatement Hydrogen ATEX and Ventilation - PED, Maintenance plan and causes of failure, Hydrogen materials and Embrittlement (Friability) Hydrogen safety Site and Installation safety, /ESD/SIS and Hydrogen PPE guidelines for site , Risk inventory HAZOP

The Hydrogen in Industry course will begin for the first time with a group of students at Drenthe College - Greenwise Campus in September 2023.

• Program Hydrogen in Industry and Network 2/2 D1-K1-2b 7

D1-K1-2b 8
9
D1-K1-2b 10

D1-K16b/6c

11
12

1 Downstream Hydrogen Technology,
Production 1, incl. Colors hydrogen green, blue, gray.+ CCS technology - Project Porthos plus simulation models show 2 Downstream Hydrogen Technology, electrolysis 3 Downstream Utilities (Nitrogen and air), Water treatment 4 Downstream Hydrogen Technology, Power Supply, Hydrogen Technology, Measuring Equipment and Sensors 5 Downstream Hydrogen Technology, PLC/ESD/SIS/ Process control 6 Downstream Excursion to hydrogen downstream facility or Lab assignment

KD (professional class
knowledge and week
skills) 13

lesson
Main group
hour
Block of
2 hours
1 Midstream

14

2 Midstream

15
16
17
18

3 Midstream
4 Midstream
5 Midstream
6 Midstream

Imports, TSO (HYway27) DSO, energy islands incl.
economy Hydrogen infrastructure TSO - DSO Hydrogen blending , Hydrogen and heat grids Hydrogen fueling stations Hydrogen Technology, Compression

19

1 Upstream

Hydrogen Boilers, Gas Turbines

20

2 Upstream

21

3 Upstream

Hydrogen in built environment, Hydrogen Energy Hubs Hydrogen fuel cells

22

4 Upstream

D1-K1-3a

23

5 Material - couplings

D1-K1-2a

24

6 Business and case
notes

D1-K1-2b

D1-K1-2b

D1-K1-2b

Description

Hydrogen Technology, storage

Hydrogen as a chemical feedstock NH3 LOHC DME
Methanol Hydrogen couplings - Welding - flange - Clamp couplings - Swagelok Business Economics. Merit order - Budgeting - Basic engineering process and study cases for review

Vision on LLO modules
• The LLO modules must meet two key conditions:
• They offer students a broader foundation than the existing basic modules, enabling them to perform a task independently.
• Each module can be taken on its own, potentially combined with a limited number of existing elective components.
• Additionally:
• There should be minimal overlap between the different modules to prevent redundancy.
• The modules should be as small as possible, focusing on teaching one specific skill per module. This facilitates the creation of customized learning paths using various LLO modules.
• The aim is to structure the LLO modules so that the theoretical portion can be completed independently of time, location, and teacher availability.
This approach allows for flexible and efficient learning trajectories.

LLO (Lifelong Learning and Development)

Voorbeelden van LLO modules

Examples of LLO (Lifelong Learning and Development) modules

Hydrogen Assetmodel
Low
Environment model
Calamity model Minimizing effects PSV Security layer Control layer Communication layer Buffer layer Production layer Utilities Emissions Heat balance Economic model Maintenance and inspection model HRM - Training - Soft skills

description
Climate, land features, Seismology Fire department ed. Emergency services Sprinklers - Tank Walls Pressure Safety Valve ESD PLC/DCS/ Sensors Networking - Cyber security Input transport low - output t/day Flow - Air - Nitrogen - press pressure Air water, Sound

Department
Engineers/licensing
Government
WTB/Civil WTB IA IA IT - A WTB WTB/Process WTB/Process Process Process Business development/ finance/ procurement - sales EIA-WTB

(PDF) NEBS Post HBO Waterstof Specialist Paper Willem Hazenberg v1.01_final en-US.pdf

HRM

Results - list of areas of work versus level of knowledge Scope of work Engineering Production Installation Funding Operation Maintenance Safety Emergency Services Business and market introduction HRM - Training - Soft skills Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) management and compliance Legal framework

Beginner

Advanced

Competent

Proficient

Expert

GreenSkills4H2 value Chain

Home - Green Skills for Hydrogen

Downstream
End use application

Midstream
Infrastructure

Upstream
Production H2

Hydrogen Value chain

3D Model

H2-Filling station
Engineering
Competent
H2- Electrolyzer Startup unit Operations Proficient

H2- Electrolyzer
Control KOD level
Operations
Beginner/basics

Scope of work
Engineering – production – Construction- Maintenance – operations – HRS - Legal

Which training products come from the practoraat 1. Hydrogen production methods 2. Hydrogen transport and infrastructure methods 3. Understanding the hydrogen economy and hydrogen chain integration 4. Hydrogen application in electrification 5. Hydrogen application in combustion 6. Hydrogen filling station applications 7. Hydrogen business economics 8. Hydrogen in the built environment (up to the gas meter, excluding civil works) 9. Hydrogen blending application (combustion) 10. Additional safety measures for working with H2 11. Regulations and enforcement related to hydrogen 12. Asset and maintenance strategies and procedures for H2 13. Knowledge alliance in Emmen and surrounding areas for hydrogen production, transport, storage, and usage 14. Process description for embedding acquired knowledge into the curriculum

Course book Elective Module:
Hydrogen in Industry and Networks • The book is currently in development with a few key KPIs:
• Approximately > 1,300 pages • 240 study hours • 48 teaching hours • The book is primarily designed for MBO education but is also suitable as a reference work for HBO and university-level (WO) education.

Hydrogen practical training at DC Emmen and
EnTranCe

Through this set, students can acquire 30
hours of hydrogen-related knowledge at DC in Emmen

EnTranCe installation with 100 kg of H2 available, reduced from 200 bar to 8 bar, under VCA regulations

Practical Training EnTranCe WING

Learning to safely handle H2, procedures, securing test procedures, and commissioning.

Skills
VCA (Safety, Health, and
Environment Checklist for Contractors) ATEX (Explosive Atmosphere Regulations) Flange assembly Plastic welding Couplings (e.g., Swagelok) Gas detection meter

Learning
components

Learning design concepts

Practical work on the system

Learning instrumentation, control, and safety concepts

Hydrogen district Hoogeveen work packages and their relationship to education Project Management

Role of Hydrogen

Kennislab urbanisme –
Summerschool –
veilige energielandschap Project Control

Hanze Energy law

Drenthe college – H2 autorace
- Draagvlak

Noorderpoort Gr. /GAS 2.0
input voor H2 opleidingen

Social acceptance
Legal, Safety and
standards (NEN)

Technology

Implementation

H2 CV-burner,
House

Power plant

Fuel-cell house

Plotplan

Infrastructure

System test
installation

Hanze Werktuigbouw
Hanze/ International
Communications Windesheim landschappelijke inpassing RUG Faculty of Spatial Sciences Hanze/ Finance & control

Radboud University Specialisation Urban and
Regional Mobility

Public acceptance

Landscape
integration
Social acceptance
business case /MKBA

Alfacollege Hoogeveen
Ruimte, H2 huis en Tiny
House - draagvlak

Communication
and public
acceptance

Report
“Role of
Hydrogen”
Project CAPEX –
OPEX/ financing

Measurements

Utilities

Storage and
Compression

Fall-back
scenario

project
implementation

External
transport

Central process
control

Market Model

Conversion /
Production H2

SIL safety devices
and controller

RUG Technogy-operational
research (congestie)

Hydrogen Valley Campus Europe HVCE
Eemshaven
Delfzijl

Leeuwarden

Groningen/Zernike
Groningen/Suikerterrein

Emmen

Campus partner with facilities

DC International Hydrogen EH2TA

EH2TA Work Packages:
• Hydrogen production and safety • Transport and storage • Hydrogen filling stations • Hydrogen cars with fuel cells • Hydrogen cars with internal combustion engines EH2TA 1ªEdición – ERASMUS FP

GreenSkills4H2
The project will focus on the hydrogen value chain, and more precisely on hydrogen production, distribution, transport and storage.
• (Year 1) • After an analysis of the skills needs and the development of a skills strategy • (Year 2 – Year 3) • A core curriculum will be drafted, and training materials will be developed • (Year 3 – Year 4) • Trainings will then be implemented to test the materials developed with different publics

The GreenSkills4H2 project counts 33 partner
Home - Green Skills for Hydrogen

Hydrogen Centre of
Vocational Excellence (H2COVE) Upskilling Europe's Workforce for the Hydrogen Economy Our Impact goals

• 150 teachers involved in "Train the Trainer" courses • 800 business stakeholders engaged • 1,000 employees upskilled or reskilled • 140 students in challenge-based learning competitions • 12 student project theses addressing real industry challenges

Safety perception and reality

Hindenburg, May 6, 1937!
37 fatalities
62 survivors Hydrogen-filled

USS Akron, US Navy, April 4, 1933! Tenerife KLM-Pan Am, March 27, 1977 73 fatalities 583 fatalities 3 survivors 61 survivors Helium-filled Kerosene-filled Last accident involving a regular airplane.
November 25 2024– Swiftair Flight 5960, a Boeing 737-400SF operating on behalf of DHL, crashed near a two-story house on approach to Vilnius, Lithuania, killing one of the four crew members onboard.
Questions:
Do you still fly in a regular airplane?
Could it be that we've learned something about hydrogen since 1937?
All three accidents were weather-related (two storms and one fog incident).

Safety throughout the Industry
United States Occupational Incidents in 2018 • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Industry

Total Incidents Incidence Rate*
–Nonfatal
-Nonfatal -Fatal Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 64.200 3,7 574 Oil and gas extraction 1.100 0,8 13 Construction 199.100 3,0 1.008 Petroleum and coal products manufacturing 900 1,3 5 Chemical manufacturing 16.100 1,9 18 Industrial gas manufacturing (hydrogen) 200 1,0 1 Grocery stores 86.000 4,5 38 Gasoline stations 17.100 2,4 47 Power generation, transportation & distribution 6.800 1,7 5 Investment banking and securities 1.900 0,2 4 * Incident rate is number of incidents per 100 full time employees per year Data Retrieved from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Key Questions for H2 Incident Analysis
•Operational status of the facility at the time of the event?
•Main initiating events causing hydrogen releases?
•Main causes of hydrogen releases •In which process component do they happen?
•In what type of type of activities do accidents occur?

•During which execution phase did things go wrong?
•What was the effect of the failure?
•What type of cause triggered the incident?
•What were the consequences of the incident?
•Number of H2 incidents over time

Operational status of the facility at the time of the event The analysis of the database through BI tools has proven that most H2-related events (i.e., 202 out of 325) occurred during the normal operations of the plants.
This is a predictable outcome since an industrial facility operates under ”normal conditions” for most of its working life.

(5) (PDF) Analyzing Hydrogen-Related Undesired Events: A Systematic Database for Safety Assessment 10-12-2024

97

Energies HSC (2024) Main initiating events causing hydrogen releases

10-12-2024

https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/energies/energies-17-01350/article_deploy/energies-1701350-with-cover.pdf?version=1719152873

99

Energies HSC (2024) Main causes of hydrogen releases

European Gas Association EIGA Database, Brussels, Belgium. 2023. Available online: https://www.eiga.eu/ (accessed on 5 February 2024).
10-12-2024

100

Causes of Incidents (Hydrogen in the Past)
Over the past decades, significant incidents have occurred related to hydrogen applications. The causes can be categorized into seven types:
1. Mechanical or material failure 2. Corrosion 3. Excessive pressure 4. Embrittlement of storage tanks 5. Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (N/A) 6. Rupture due to shockwaves and projectiles (N/A) 7. Human error Lessons have been learned from these incidents, leading to the development of tests such as hydraulic pressure tests and fire tests.
December 10, 2024

Page 102

Summary of Hydrogen Incidents by Equipment and Primary Cause Hydrogen Safety Panel Study Table 2 Summary of Hydrogen Incidents from H2tools.org - Lessons Learned.
March 2020. 69 Cases Covering the Period 1969-2019.

Summary of Hydrogen Incidents by Equipment and Primary Cause (2) Hydrogen Safety Panel Study Table 2 Summary of Hydrogen Incidents from H2tools.org Lessons Learned.
March 2020. 69 Cases Covering the Period 1969-2019.

December 10, 2024

Page 104

Failure Cause Distribution for Pipelines

https://omgevingsveiligheid.rivm.nl/documenten/rekenvoorschrift-omgevingsveiligheid-module-v-versie-okt-2020

December 10, 2024

Page 106

Aria (2009)
Accidentology Involved Hydrogen Type of activities do accidents occur Main activities concerned (215 Cases) tot 2007

https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/wp-content/files_mf/SY_hydrogen_GB_2009.pdf 10-12-2024

107

Aria (2009) Accidentology Involved Hydrogen Consequences of the failure Types of accidents and their consequences (213 Cases) tot 2007

https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/wp-content/files_mf/SY_hydrogen_GB_2009.pdf 10-12-2024

108

OECD (2023)
Risk-based Regulatory Design For the Safe Use of Hydrogen (439 Pages) Report on Low-Emission Hydrogen Transition • Prepared for the Dutch government; funded by the European Commission's DG REFORM.
• Aims to support the shift to widespread use of low-emission hydrogen.
• Provides recommendations on hydrogen regulation and governance.
• Analyzes six scenarios covering the hydrogen lifecycle from production to usage.
• Findings tailored to the Netherlands but may benefit other countries.

https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/46d2da5een.pdf?expires=1732746921&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=5CF2253E2EC198D6F4106E3612BD33E8 10-12-2024

109

OECD (2023) Number of H2 incidents over time
.

Number of incidents over time in HIAD 2.0 (pink) and H2tools (green) and the corresponding normalised risk in terms of number of incidents per Mt of hydrogen produced https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/46d2da5e-en.pdf?expires=1732746921&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=5CF2253E2EC198D6F4106E3612BD33E8

10-12-2024

110

Example (Event ID477) of cascading effects

Prosecutor's report on Gangeung Hydrogen Tank Explosion Accident, May 2019, South Korea The following tekst is adapted from the English translation by INERIS about the contributing factors:
1. Oxygen removing component omitted in the system … 2. Buffer tank static spark remover was omitted during construction… 3. Operator made fault by running water electrolysis system lower than operation power level, which induced increase of O2 concentration… 4. The O2 concentration was detected as > 3%, which required O2 detector and remover. However, the operator ignored this issue and continued operation to reach 1000 hours of required experiment validation time.
5. Safety management team did not follow safety regulation to daily test hydrogen quality.
Hydrogen tank explosion kills 2 in Gangneung - The Korea Times

10-12-2024

111

WCM World Class Maintenance Hydrogen Boreas
The 5 Research Themes:
1. Failure Mechanisms and Lifespan Expectations 2. Maintenance Concepts and Design for Maintenance 3. Competencies (Led by DCterra/Bilfinger and Shell) 4. Autonomous Operation 5. Chain Integration

Challenges with Supplier Documentation and
Impact on Educational Programs

• Suppliers promote their systems as the best solution – Often claiming that little maintenance is required

• Consequences:
– Manuals describe only a limited number of inspections – Manuals are often under an NDA, making it difficult to share experiences

•
•
•
•

Link to Educational Programs
Need for comprehensive training programs to address gaps in documentation Developing skills to effectively perform maintenance with limited information Encouraging knowledge sharing and best practices within education and industry

Accident reports → Failure Risks → Inspection
Plan →Maintenance plan → Competencies

Accident reports provide background information on the cause of the incident. With this information, we can ask ourselves the following questions:
1. Could we have prevented this incident through a specific inspection regime, and what should we have done?
2. What does this mean for our maintenance regime, and what adjustments are needed in the procedures and educational programs?

Failure Risks → Competencies ← Autonomous Plant

• The failure behavior of hydrogen installations and the degree of autonomy in hydrogen plant operations affect the competencies students must acquire, thereby influencing curriculum content.

Facts about SAFEN
• SAFEN is a Joint Industry Project (JIP) where 15 partners work together to:
• Close knowledge gaps in understanding failure mechanisms, hazards, and accident situations in renewable technologies involving hydrogen, ammonia, and CCS (carbon capture and storage).
• Develop risk-based methodologies for hydrogen, ammonia, and CCS facilities.
• Set up an environment for sharing of knowledge and data that enables continuous development of best practices for safe design technologies under the scope.
• The partners include consultancies, energy companies / asset owners, technology providers, and authorities.
• SAFEN Phase 1 started in March 2022 and was completed in August 2023.
• Phase 2 of the project was kicked off this fall and is planned to be completed in 2025.

WVIP Hydrogen and Safety
The WVIP’s objective is to facilitate and accelerate the broad introduction of hydrogen as an innovative and sustainable energy carrier. We achieve this by identifying and addressing potential risks, as well as controlling these risks by taking appropriate precautionary measures. Below you will find an overview of all our publications, divided into the various work packages.
https://nlhydrogen.nl/overzicht-publicaties/ 1. WP 1 Guidelines for permit issuance 2. WP 2 Risk management and incident response 3. WP 3 Legislation, regulations, and policy 4. WP 4 Safety aspects and risks of hydrogen 5. WP 5 Risk analysis for hydrogen usage •

The above work packages can be further developed within LLO (Lifelong Learning) to create teaching materials from these reports. WP1 and WP3 align well with Entrance (Energy Law), and WP2, WP4, and WP5 could be integrated into both secondary vocational (MBO) and higher professional education (HBO).

WVIP Hydrogen and Safety Studies
•
•
•
•
•
•
• •

Enkele voorbeelden zijn:
Hanze
=
Hanze
=
Noorderpoort – Alfa = Noorderpoort = Noorderpoort = DCTerra = DCTerra =

WP1 Vergunningproces waterstoftankstations
WP1 Leidraad inpassing waterstoftankstations in bestemmingsplannen WP2 Handreiking veilige leefomgeving: waterstofaggregaten WP4 Tubetrailer in schip WP4 Transportmethoden H2 over de weg WP4 Inventarisatierapportage Hydrogen bunkering, guidelines, procedures en checklists WP5 HAZID studie Case 3 Lokale productie van waterstof bij een waterstoftankstation.

In total, this includes 38 studies and reports, allowing everyone to select those that align with their educational focus.

Eiga (2024) Hydrogen e-learning

Hydrogen eLearning - EIGA : European
Industrial Gases Association European Gas Association EIGA Database, Brussels, Belgium. 2023. Available online: https://www.eiga.eu/ (accessed on 5 February 2024).
10-12-2024

123

Aria (2009) Accidentology Involved Hydrogen
Over 70% of accidents involving hydrogen and whose causes are known are due to organisational and human failure alone or coupled with an equipment failure.
All stages in the service life of a facility are concerned : design), safety report, operation, maintenance, modifications, intervention.
Hydrogen accidentology highlights two main causes of accidents involving organisational and human factors : maintenance or upkeep operations and process management errors.
Out of the 25 mortal accidents recorded in the ARIA database, 48% occurred during maintenance operations. The figure is 100% if only the five French accidents are taken into consideration https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/wp-content/files_mf/SY_hydrogen_GB_2009.pdf 10-12-2024

124

Aria (2009) Accidentology Involved Hydrogen
Among the accidents involving maintenance as the main cause include:
• Maintenance operations at hot spots without ensuring the absence of an explosive atmosphere beforehand;
• Errors or wrong commissioning of facilities during maintenance operations;
• Rinsing of equipment without a detailed risk analysis; • • Poorly conducted operations (errors in joint assembly or bolt tightening, etc.) resulting in hydrogen leaks), • Electrical or automatism failures following maintenance https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/wp-content/files_mf/SY_hydrogen_GB_2009.pdf

10-12-2024

125

Aria (2009) Accidentology Involved Hydrogen
The implementation of a high-performance safety management tool should allow hydrogen risks to be curtailed especially due to:
• Adapted operating, maintenance and emergency procedures, understood and applied by the technicians, • Preventive maintenance of equipment, • Rapid detection of malfunctions, • Optimal training of technicians, • Increased risk awareness in the facility given the permanent risk of ignition due to hydrogen.
https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/wpcontent/files_mf/SY_hydrogen_GB_2009.pdf 10-12-2024

126

CoE Process safety India (2009) CAPACITY BUILDING The successful adoption of a Hydrogen economy requires sufficient skilled workforce for the hydrogen.
Appropriate training of the workforce & other stakeholders-emergency responders, regulators, is essential to eliminate barriers Dissemination of guidelines will help updating industry to create units of competency and qualifications with the growth of infrastructure https://icgh.in/ppt/Chitra.Rajagopal_4D.pdf 10-12-2024

127

2023 Analyzing Hydrogen-Related Undesired Events: A Systematic Database for Safety Assessment Large Databases on Hydrogen Safety •

HIAD

•

H2tools

•

NREL CSP’s

•

CHS Failure Rates

(5) (PDF)
Analyzing Hydrogen-Related Undesired Events: A Systematic Database for Safety Assessment 10-12-2024

129

Center for Hydrogen Safety (2022) there is Much to consider for Hydrogen Safety .

https://eec.ky.gov/Energy/Documents/Slides-Nick%20Barilo.pdf 10-12-2024

130

H2Tools (2017) Safety planning for Hydrogen and Fuel cell projects 1. Description of Work 2. Organizational Safety Information • Organizational Policies and Procedures • Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Experience 3. Project Safety • Identification of Safety Vulnerabilities (ISV) • Risk Reduction Plan • Operating Procedures - Operating steps - Sample handling and transport • Equipment and Mechanical Integrity • Management of Change Procedures • Project Safety Documentation 4. Communication Plan Safety_Planning_for_Hydrogen_an • Personnel Training d_Fuel_Cell_Projects• Safety Reviews November2017 • Safety Events and Lessons Learned • Emergency Response o Self-Audits 10-12-2024 5. Other Comments or Concern

131

H2Tools (2020) Hydrogen incidents Examples
.
Hydrogen Incident Examples Select Summaries of Hydrogen Incidents from the H2tools.org Lessons Learned Database

https://h2tools.org/sites/default/files/Hydrogen_Incident_Examples.pdf 10-12-2024

132

H2Tools (2020) Hydrogen incidents Examples
Causes An incorrectly sized gasket, which was smaller than the original gasket was used in a joint of a safety valve at the time of a turnaround shutdown. This caused an unbalanced force across the valve and an unequal tightness of the connecting bolts. Due to the small size of the gasket and looseness of bolts, the weight of the piping was applied locally to the joint, and the joint inclined gradually. Eventually un-reacted hydrogen blew out from a gap due to the inclination, and it was ignited by static electricity sparks.
Lessons Learned Construction errors are difficult to detect once construction is complete. It is important to develop and use a systematic oversight process for minimizing construction errors during the construction Mounting Joint on a Safety Valveprocess.
Developed a Hydrogen Gas Leak and Fire | H2tools | Hydrogen Tools 10-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

133

H2Tools – Hydrogen Equipment certification Guide The purpose of this guide is to assist users of codes and standards that apply to hydrogen application and use in understanding and applying the approval, certification, listing, and labeling provisions of the codes and standards, in any application where the required certification, listing, and labeling of services, methods, or equipment has not yet been established or achieved.
2017 (228 pagina’s) Geen formele overheidsstatus

10-12-2024

This guide was prepared as an account of work
sponsored by an agency of the United States Government.
Certification Guide for 2016 NFPA 2 DRAFT

134

H2Tools – Lessons Learned corner – H2LL
This H2LL database is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy. The safety event records have been contributed by a variety of global sources, including industrial, government and academic facilities.
H2LL is a database-driven website intended to facilitate the sharing of lessons learned and other relevant information gained from actual experiences using and working with hydrogen.
Key themes from the H2Incidents database will be presented here and several safety event records will be highlighted to illustrate the relevant lessons learned.
Hydrogen Technologies Safety Guide 11-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

135

H2Tools – European Hydrogen Safety Panel
Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies shall be safely developed, safely introduced, and safely used in Joint Undertaking's projects, as well as in the wider society The European Hydrogen Safety Panel

10-12-2024

Hydrogen systems can be as safe as systems based on conventional energy carriers, provided the specific properties of hydrogen and the hydrogen system are properly addressed. To this end, it is important to disseminate knowledge, competence and safety culture to all stakeholders in the technological value chain: design, manufacturing, assembly, operation, maintenance, decommissioning, first responders, training, education, etc.
European Hydrogen Safety Panel - Clean Hydrogen Partnership Get in contact with the EHSP by email at EHSP@clean136 hydrogen.europa.eu

HIAD 2 Hydrogen Incident and Accident database .

Events in EU since 1985:
number of events (left) and of involved persons onsite (right).

The Hydrogen Incident and Accident database
(HIAD) was designed in order to represent a reliable multi-task open communication platform for safety lessons learned and risk communication, as well as a potential data source for risk assessment. The database was developed within the framework of the NoE HySafe and the last release is available online since 2010. HIAD is intended to become the up-todate repository of any accidental event related to hydrogen technology.

https://h2tools.org/sites/default/files/2019-08/paper%20%28HIAD%29.pdf 10-12-2024

137

HIAD 2 Hydrogen Incident and Accident database structure .

fhttps://www.clean-hydrogen.europa.eu/system/files/202206/Analysis%20of%20hydrogen%20incidents%20and%20accidents%20database%20HIAD%202.0%20%28ID%2013831425%29.pdf 10-12-2024

138

HIAD 2 Overview of the data collection and Assessment process .

https://www.clean-hydrogen.europa.eu/system/files/202206/Analysis%20of%20hydrogen%20incidents%20and%20accidents%20database%20HIAD%202.0%20%28ID%2013831425% 10-12-2024 139 29.pdf

DOE Hydrogen Program's safety activities
The DOE Hydrogen Program's safety activities, led by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, focus on system safety in DOE-sponsored research and development (R&D) activities and in the marketplace. DOE's safety R&D activities are focused on developing hydrogen sensors for detecting hydrogen leaks. In addition, all DOE-funded hydrogen projects are required to follow DOE's Safety Guidelines and undergo review by DOE's Hydrogen Safety Review Panel to ensure safety in the operation, handling, and use of hydrogen systems.
Safe practices in the production, storage, distribution, and use of hydrogen are an integral part of future plans. Like most fuels, hydrogen can be handled and used safely with appropriate sensing, handling, and engineering measures. The aim of this program activity is to verify the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen, outline the factors that must be considered to minimize the safety hazards related to the use of hydrogen as a fuel, and provide a comprehensive database on hydrogen and hydrogen safety.
https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/program-areas/safety 10-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

140

Hydrogen & Fuel Cells
Emergency Response
Education Resource

10-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

35628 2020 Hydrogen safety cource
HFC_ER_Training_June_2020 HFC_ER_Training_June_2020.pptx

141

OECD (2023) Risk-based Regulatory Design For the Safe Use of Hydrogen) – Scenario-based accident data review and analysis

•
•
•
•

Scenario 1 – Production: Leakage from pipes connected to elektrolysers Scenario 2 – Transport pipelines: Leakage from high-pressure pipeline Scenario 3 – Road Transport: Hydrogen leakage in confined spaces/ built environments Scenario 5 – Mobility and partially confined spaces: accidents at a hydrogen refueling stations.

https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/c058c2fe-en.pdf?expires=1732746782&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=255E72AA4979FA238315B4D8F6AEF9DB 10-12-2024

142

OREDA – OFFSHORE & ONSHORE RELIABILITY DATA
What is OREDA ?
• A project organization with between 7-11 oil and gas companies as members that has been running for more than 43 years.
• A comprehensive databank of reliability data collected on Topside and Subsea equipment from offshore and onshore operations in the North Sea, GOM, WOS, Angola, Adriatic, Caspian, etc.
• A forum for exchange and development of reliability methods and know-how within the oil and gas industry, production of ISO Standards and API.
• The cradle of ISO 14224, ISO 20815 and ISO TR 12489.
• For non-members access to the data was via OREDA handbooks of pre-analysed selected https:// data, with the last version (6th edition) published in 2015.
• Non-members can now access the same format of data digitally through Software-as-aService (SaaS)Opleiding at OREDA@Cloud.
10-12-2024 143 en ontwikkelen van professionals

OREDA – OFFSHORE & ONSHORE RELIABILITY DATA
OREDA Version 4 – 2002 version online – for review • .

https://www.nri.ac.ir/Portals/0/images/Technology/OandM/document/OREDA.pdf 10-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

144

Hydrogen knowledge center
Established by the Institution of Gas Engineers and Managers (IGEM), the Hydrogen Knowledge Centre is a one-of-a-kind digital library that is designed specifically for those working and studying in the future energy field.
The goal of this resource is to share essential research, so we can aid the advancement of hydrogen learning globally and support the transition to a net zero carbon emissions future.
We work towards this goal by capturing new and existing knowledge from around the world and consolidating it into one easy-to-access platform.
Our aim is to empower industry professionals, policy influencers, students and academics who work across the wide variety of roles within the future energy space. We’re here to provide access to the latest hydrogen information you need to keep up with industry innovation, progress in your career, and help you to contribute to the important developments taking place across the industry. Ultimately, this resource was created to share knowledge and to offer the latest hydrogen research, as it emerges, from projects across the UK and internationally.

1
Hydrogen Knowledge Centre You Tube video IGEM HNC Hydrogen Knowledge Centre - Digital 4 Repository Dedicated to the Advancement of Hydrogen Learning

Knowledge Center for Explosion and Hydrogen Safety Knowledge Center for Explosion and Hydrogen Safety (KCEHS) focuses on advancing safety in explosion-prone and hydrogen-rich environments through research, training, and safety standards.

Core Services:
• Research & Development: Studies on explosive substances and hydrogen safety innovations.
• Training Programs: Certification in risk analysis, ATEX regulations, and emergency response.
• Safety Standards: Guidelines for handling, storage, and transport compliance.
• Incident Analysis: Framework for reporting and learning from explosion-related events.
• Collaboration: Partnerships with industries, regulators, and educational institutions.

Led by Dr. A.E. Dahoe and Ing. D.W.G. Arentsen, KCEHS offers publications, research workshops, and expert guidance. Visit their website: explosionsolutions.org.

1
4

IGEM - Knowledge Center Education, Training & Lessons learned The Hydrogen Knowledge Centre by the Institution of

Gas Engineers & Managers (IGEM) was developed
with support from the Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS),

as part of its Energy Innovation Fund. This unique resource collects and organizes an impressive range of hydrogen research and thought pieces into one place, which makes it easy for users to access and utilize.
Education, Training & Lessons Learned | Hydrogen Knowledge Centre

1
4

Hierarchy of controls
•

Hierarchy of Controls in mitigating
workplace risks, emphasizing the framework’s effectiveness across various hazard types. It covers strategies from elimination and substitution to personal protective equipment usage, showcasing real-world examples and highlighting the importance of continuous improvement and innovation in safety measures..

How to Apply the Hierarchy of Controls to Different Types of Risks 10-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

148

NREL 2015- Hydrogen Technology Safety Guide
Other technology-related causes such as design flaws, material incompatibility or otherwise inadequate equipment represent a combined 13.3% of the probable causes for these incidents.
“Roughly half of reported incidents have involved pressure vessels, piping, and valve systems, and to a lesser extent compressed gas canisters, electrical issues, and measurement sensor failures,” noted NETL in its report.
Hydrogen Technologies Safety Guide

11-12-2024

Meanwhile, for the 435 reports that identified contributing factors, equipment failure was only cited in 4.8% and design flaws in 7.4%, while human error, lack of situational awareness and other related operational or procedural problems were more commonly raised.

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

150

Equipment failure is the biggest cause of hydrogen-related accidents: US national lab (1) Equipment failure was the most commonly identified probable cause of nearly 350 reported hydrogen-related incidents in the US over the past 17 years, according to a report reviewing H2 safety by the Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL).
Based on information reported on a voluntary basis to the government’s H2Tools website since its launch in 2006, equipment failure specifically was cited in 25.9% of 347 reports that included a probable cause, compared to around 9.8% blaming human error, the second most commonly reported cause.
https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/transport/equipment-failure-is-the-biggest-cause-of-hydrogen-related-accidents-us-national-lab/2-1-1505699?zephr_sso_ott=Yu4pMP 11-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

151

Equipment failure is the biggest cause of hydrogen-related accidents: US national lab (2) Other technology-related causes such as design flaws, material incompatibility or otherwise inadequate equipment represent a combined 13.3% of the probable causes for these incidents.
“Roughly half of reported incidents have involved pressure vessels, piping, and valve systems, and to a lesser extent compressed gas canisters, electrical issues, and measurement sensor failures,” noted NETL in its report.
https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/tr ansport/equipment-failure-is-thebiggest-cause-of-hydrogen-relatedaccidents-us-national-lab/2-11505699?zephr_sso_ott=Yu4pMP

11-12-2024

Meanwhile, for the 435 reports that identified contributing factors, equipment failure was only cited in 4.8% and design flaws in 7.4%, while human error, lack of situational awareness and other related operational or procedural problems were more commonly raised.

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

152

Hydrogen Safety Panel (US) The Safety Challenge •

•
•
•

Safety issues must be addressed for successful hydrogen technology acceptance and deployment Safety issues can be a “deal breaker” Hydrogen technology stakeholders may not be able to identify and effectively address all safety issues Stakeholders benefit from an independent and experienced hydrogen safety review (ISR) resource involved in early design and safety planning activities.

https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-01/GFO-19-602_2020-01-15-1pm_Presentation_Safety_Planning_Webinar_ADA.pdf 10-12-2024

Opleiding en ontwikkelen van professionals

153

NFPA 2023 Hydrogen Technologies code
This code provides fundamental safeguards for the generation, installation, storage, piping, use, and handling of hydrogen in compressed gas (GH2) form or cryogenic liquid (LH2) form.
NFPA 2, Hydrogen Technologies Code, is the quintessential resource for building inspectors, engineers, installers, facility managers, and anyone else who deals with hydrogen, as it offers safeguards for its use in both gas and liquid forms.
Buy NFPA 2, Code 10-12-2024

154

HyScan Hydrogen Safety Codes & standards Application Navigator HySCAN Overview Purpose: Identifies hydrogen-specific codes and standards (focused on NFPA 2).
Scope: Highlights applicability and relevant chapters, not detailed requirements.
Limitations: Not exhaustive; full texts may be copyrighted.
Audience: Tailored to U.S. stakeholders; guides informed discussions.

HySc
an

1
5

Technical Reference for Hydrogen Compatibility of Materials

Hydrogen Materials Technical
Database – Sandia National Laboratories

Technical Reference for Hydrogen Compatibility of Materials Purpose:
Guidance on material selection for hydrogen service to support hydrogen fuel deployment and development of safety codes and standards.
Focus Areas:
Deformation, fracture, and fatigue of metals in hydrogen environments.
Identification of hydrogen-affected material properties (strength, fracture resistance, fatigue resistance).
Ensuring safe design for load-bearing structures in hydrogen infrastructure.
Sandia National Laboratories' Contribution:
Comprehensive review of existing materials data from reports and journal publications.
Collaboration with international partners to acquire and update new data.
Applications:
1 Hydrogen vehicles, refueling stations, stationary hydrogen use, and hydrogen 5 transportation.

Greenwise Campus
• Greenwise Campus is the premier network for knowledge development, innovation and entrepreneurship. Companies, educational organizations and public authorities join forces here. Together, we work on smart, green solutions for today and tomorrow.
• Tracks – Circulair Plastics – Energy – Smart Manufacturing – Welfare Health Care & Technology

Greenwise Campus - Energy
• The challenge
• We are switching from fossil fuel to renewable energy sources such as sun, wind, and green gas. This transition comes with new technologies, new skills and other ways of working. Our challenge is to help schools, companies and students to embrace these new sources of energy.
• Energy – Greenwise

Greenwise Campus - Energy

Greenwise Campus
Vlekkenplan
Spotplan
200 M2 waterstoflabs binnen 100 M2 waterstoflab buiten

Greenwise Campus Hydrogen Lab Analysis

Greenwise Campus – Hydrogenlab 1

Greenwise Campus – Resato Academy

HYDROGREENN Ecosysteem
• Doel van het onderzoek is om Hydrogreenn ecosysteem in kaart te brengen voor o.a. gemeente Groningen, groenvermogenNL en Green WiseCampus.

Also entH2usiastic?

drenthecollege.nl
W.hazenberg@dcterra.nl
0620973851

View publication stats